J
Nutr. 2002 Sep;132(9):2723-31.
The mycotoxin
deoxynivalenol affects nutrient absorption in human
intestinal epithelial cells
Maresca M,
Mahfoud R,
Garmy N,
Fantini J.
Institut
Mediterraneen de Recherche en Nutrition, Unite Mixte de
Recherche-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,
Faculte des Sciences de Saint-Jerome, Marseille, France.
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin belonging to the
tricothecene family that has many toxic effects in
animals, including diarrhea and weight loss. Using the
human epithelial intestinal cell line HT-29-D4 as an in
vitro model, we studied the effect of DON on the uptake
of different classes of nutrients, including sugars,
amino acids and lipids. At low concentrations (below 10
micro mol/L), DON selectively modulated the activities
of intestinal transporters: the D-glucose/D-galactose
sodium-dependent transporter (SGLT1) was strongly
inhibited by the mycotoxin (50% inhibition at 10 micro
mol DON, P < 0.05), followed by the D-fructose
transporter GLUT5 (42% inhibition at 10 micro mol/L, P <
0.001), active and passive L-serine transporters (30 and
38% inhibition, respectively, at 10 micro mol/L, P <
0.05). The passive transporters of D-glucose (GLUT) were
slightly inhibited by DON (15% inhibition at 1 micro
mol/L, P < 0.01), whereas the transport of palmitate was
increased by 35% at 10 micro mol/L DON (P < 0.001). In
contrast, the uptake of cholesterol was not affected by
the mycotoxin. At high concentrations (100 micro mol/L),
SGLT1 activity was inhibited by 76% (P < 0.01), whereas
the activities of all other transporters were increased.
The selective effects of DON on intestinal transporters
were mimicked by cycloheximide and deoxycholate,
suggesting that inhibition of protein synthesis and
induction of apoptosis are the main mechanisms of DON
toxicity in intestinal cells.
PMID: 12221236 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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